Tamil Nadu has heightened its vigilance in border districts following reports of West Nile virus cases and a death in at least three districts of neighboring Kerala. The directorate of public health announced on Saturday that officials in border areas have intensified fever surveillance measures, urging the public to seek medical attention if they exhibit symptoms of this viral infection.
West Nile virus primarily spreads through the bite of an infected culex mosquito, which carries the flavivirusāan RNA virus capable of infecting humans, birds, and horses. Dr. T S Selvavinayagam, director of public health, reassured the public, stating, “There is no need to panic. Nearly 80% of people infected with the West Nile virus do not experience any symptoms.” However, some individuals may develop symptoms such as fever, headache, body aches, joint pain, vomiting, and rash. While most patients recover fully, some may endure prolonged weakness, fatigue, or more severe complications.
The risk of severe illness and complications is heightened among the elderly and individuals with underlying health conditions such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension, kidney disease, or compromised immune systems. Potential complications include inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) or the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord (meningitis).