C. N. Annadurai, popularly known as “Anna,” served as the Chief Minister of Madras State from 1967 to 1969 and became the first leader from a Dravidian party to head the government in the state. Born on September 15, 1909, in Kanchipuram, he emerged as a powerful orator, writer, and social reformer. Annadurai was the founder of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and a key leader of the Dravidian movement that challenged the long-standing dominance of the Indian National Congress in the state.

In the historic 1967 Madras State Legislative Assembly election, Annadurai led the DMK to a landmark victory, ending decades of Congress rule in the state. His election marked a turning point in Tamil Nadu politics, reflecting the rise of regional identity, linguistic pride, and social justice movements. Annadurai’s leadership brought Dravidian ideology from the realm of social activism into mainstream governance.

One of the most important decisions taken during his tenure was the renaming of Madras State as Tamil Nadu in 1969, symbolizing the cultural and linguistic identity of the Tamil people. His government also introduced progressive social policies aimed at improving the welfare of ordinary citizens. Annadurai was committed to making governance more accessible and responsive to the needs of the public.

Another major initiative of his administration was the introduction of subsidized rice schemes to address food security concerns among the poor. The famous “one rupee per measure of rice” scheme became a popular welfare policy that reflected the government’s commitment to supporting economically weaker sections. His administration also focused on expanding educational opportunities and improving public services across the state.

Annadurai was widely admired for his simplicity, intellectual clarity, and powerful communication skills. Through his speeches, writings, and political leadership, he played a major role in shaping modern Tamil political thought and promoting rationalism and social equality. His influence extended beyond politics into literature, theatre, and journalism.

Although his tenure as Chief Minister was relatively short due to his ill health, Annadurai’s impact on Tamil Nadu politics was profound and long-lasting. After his death in 1969, he was remembered as one of the most influential leaders in the state’s history. His leadership not only transformed the political landscape of Tamil Nadu but also firmly established Dravidian parties as the dominant force in the state’s politics.