Early menopause, poor heart health linked to brain decline

A new study presented at the 2025 Annual Meeting of The Menopause Society in Orlando highlights the combined impact of early menopause and reduced cardiac function on brain health and cognitive performance. While earlier menopause has already been linked to a higher risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s dementia, this study explores how it may also worsen the effects of poor heart function on the brain. Conducted by researchers including lead author Tallinn Splinter from the University of Toronto, the study involved over 500 participants.
It examined whether earlier age at menopause influences the relationship between cardiac function—measured by left ventricular ejection fraction via cardiac MRI—and brain health.
Brain MRI was used to assess grey matter volume and white matter hyperintensity burden, while cognitive abilities were measured through standardized neuropsychological tests.
The results suggest that women who experience menopause earlier and also have reduced heart function face a compounded negative effect on their brain structure and cognitive abilities.
Reduced cardiac output can limit oxygen and nutrient supply to the brain, potentially leading to tissue damage, silent strokes, and increased dementia risk.