Wayanad, a picturesque district in the Indian state of Kerala, is known for its stunning landscapes, lush greenery, and abundant wildlife. However, this region is also highly susceptible to landslides, particularly during the monsoon season. Several factors contribute to the frequent occurrence of landslides in Wayanad, ranging from natural geological conditions to human activities. This article delves into the primary reasons behind these landslides and explores potential measures to mitigate their impact. Speaking to News Today, environmentalist Kannan from Mumbai lists various reasons for landslides in Wayand.
Terrain and Slope
Wayanad’s hilly terrain and steep slopes are natural predispositions to landslides. The district’s topography includes numerous valleys and ridges, creating conditions where gravity can easily cause the soil and rock to slide downwards, especially when destabilized.
Soil Composition
The soil in Wayanad is often composed of loose, unconsolidated materials, which are more prone to erosion. The high content of clay and silt in the soil further reduces its stability, making it more susceptible to landslides during heavy rains.
Seismic Activity
Though not a major earthquake-prone zone, Wayanad is still affected by minor seismic activities. These minor tremors can weaken the soil structure over time, contributing to the likelihood of landslides.
Heavy Rainfall
Wayanad receives heavy rainfall during the monsoon season, typically between June and September. The intense and prolonged precipitation saturates the soil, increasing its weight and decreasing its shear strength, leading to landslides.
Climate Change
Changing climate patterns have resulted in more erratic and intense rainfall. The unpredictability and severity of rain can exacerbate the natural processes that cause landslides.
Deforestation
Wayanad has experienced significant deforestation. Green covers removed and buildings took its place.